西漢　四神陶瓦當―白虎|Roof tile end with tiger

Art Historical Context

This exquisite earthenware roof tile end known as a *watang*, hails from China's Western Han dynasty (206.C.–A.D. 9), a golden age of imperial expansion and cultural flourishing. Measuring just 7¼ inches in diameter, these circular tiles were essential architectural elements, fitted at the eaves of roofs to channel rainwater while adding protective symbolism. Crafted from clay and fired for durability, this piece features the fierce White Tiger (*Bai Hu*), one of the Four Symbols (*Si Shen*)—mythical guardians of the cardinal directions rooted in ancient Chinese cosmology. The White Tiger, associated with the west, autumn, and the metal element, embodied strength and warding off evil spirits. Such tiles adorned palaces, tombs, and temples, reflecting Han beliefs in cosmic harmony and imperial power. Produced in large quantities during this era, they showcase the dynasty's advanced ceramic techniques, blending functionality with spiritual iconography. Today, this artifact from the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Asian Art collection (acquired via the Rogers Fund in 1918) offers a glimpse into everyday grandeur of ancient China, where even roof tiles invoked the heavens' protection.